The Ideology of Linguistic Relativity in the Debate on the Revitalization of Mapudungun

Abstract

Language ideologies are a relevant factor to comprehend the revitalization processes of minoritized languages. In the case of Mapudungun, recent studies have identified several ideologies, mainly among the Mapuche people. The present article is focused on the ideology of linguistic relativity, analysing its features, the groups in which it is present, and the motivations that may be related to the support of this set of beliefs.

In the studied discourses, the ideology of linguistic relativity accents the link between language and identity, and reinforces the idea that Mapudungun is indispensable to have a complete knowledge of Mapuche worldview. The ideology has been observed in statements of Mapuche, researchers, and the State. It is suggested that the backing of this ideology may be associated with: (1) an attempt to radicalize the Mapuche/non Mapuche difference in order to promote the acquisition among non-speakers, and emphasize the urge to implement revitalization policies, and/or (2) consolidate a neoliberal multiculturalism as approach to the interethnic conflict through the limitation of the debate to the cultural field.

Key Words: Ideology of linguistic relativity, language ideology, language revitalization, Mapudungun.